Autism Explained: Simple New Theory Links Confusing Array of Symptoms

New theory may explain the complex set of symptoms seen in autism. People with autism often display a complex and confusing range of symptoms, including hypersensitivity to sound, problems interacting with others and repetitive behaviours. Scientist have long wondered what all these — and other, seemingly unrelated symptoms — have in common. Now MIT researchers are testing a brand new theory: that autistic children have difficulties predicting what is going to happen next, and it’s this problem that is at the root of autism (Sinha et al., 2014). Without the

The Unexpected Way To Reduce Negative Emotions

Despite the hardships of ageing, people generally feel happier as they get older. The secret to getting happier with age is learning acceptance, research suggests. Part of acceptance is learning to engage with negative emotions, which might seem an odd way of reducing them. However, older people experienced less anger and negative emotions, the study found. At the same time, they also showed increase levels of acceptance. Acceptance, is not about giving up, but about engaging with emotions, both positive and negative. As the study’s authors explain the… “…goal of

The Simplest Way To Improve Memory And Learning By 30%

The activities that cause a 30% hit to learning and memory. Getting enough bright light could be one of the simplest ways to improve memory and learning. Too long spent indoors in dim lighting causes damaging changes to the brain’s structure and function, new research finds. Continual exposure to dim lighting hurts parts of the brain that are central to memory and learning. The study of rodents found they lost 30% capacity in their hippocampus — a structure important for memory — when they were kept in dim light for

How To Feel Happier In Only Two Minutes A Day

Both happiness and general well-being were boosted in the study of 395 people. Taking a few moments to stop and look at something in the natural environment is enough to make people happier, research finds. LIterally, ‘stopping and smelling the roses’, or in this case noticing anything in the natural world really does work. Both happiness and well-being were boosted by noticing things like a bird, a house plant, a dandelion in the sidewalk, or just the sun shining through the window. In the research, people took a photo of

The Popular Drink That Boosts Mood

The Popular Drink That Boosts Mood

The drink activates the ‘feel-good’ dopamine receptors in the brain. A component found in beer, quite apart from alcohol, also stimulates the brain’s reward centre, new research finds. Hordenine, which is found in beer and malted barley, stimulates the brain’s dopamine receptors in the same way as dopamine. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that gives us that feel-good effect. It makes us want to carry on consuming a food or beverage long after we are satiated. The conclusions come from research that went through a database of 13,000 chemicals to find

Interrupted Sleep Has a Fascinating Effect On Some Emotions

Interrupted Sleep Has a Fascinating Effect On Some Emotions

The type of sleep linked to feeling more positive emotions. More sleep isn’t always better for your mood. In fact, more sleep that’s disrupted reduces positive moods more than less sleep that’s uninterrupted, a new study finds. Uninterrupted sleep is particularly beneficial for the positive emotions of friendliness and sympathy for others. Dr Patrick Finan, who led the study, said: “When your sleep is disrupted throughout the night, you don’t have the opportunity to progress through the sleep stages to get the amount of slow-wave sleep that is key to

Depression: This Tiny Change to Diet Has Protective Effect

Depression: This Tiny Change to Diet Has Protective Effect

• Next article in this series: This Way of Socialising Cuts Depression Risk In Half• Previous article: Depression Caused By How People See The Future, New Study FindsThis small change to your diet could be enough to reduce the risk of depression. A Mediterranean diet including fruits, vegetables and legumes can prevent depression, a large new study finds. People only had to make relatively small changes to see the benefits. The scientist think that depression could be partly down to a lack of essential nutrients. The study included 15,093 people

The Popular TV Show That Provokes Suicidal Thoughts

The Popular TV Show That Provokes Suicidal Thoughts

Show popular with teenagers linked to increased internet searches for how to commit suicide. A Netflix drama called ’13 Reasons Why’ has been linked to internet searches for suicide, new research finds. The series, which is popular with teenagers, is about the suffering and eventual suicide of a teenage girl. The girl’s journey is experienced by her friend listening to a series of audio-cassette journals she has left behind. (If this sounds like just the sort of thing you don’t need on a Monday night after a long day at

The Age At Which People Are Most Suicidal

The Age At Which People Are Most Suicidal

People are least happy and at the highest risk of suicide during these years. Middle-aged people are at the highest risk of suicide, research shows. The risk is particularly high among middle-aged women. Middle-aged people — those in their 40s and 50s — are at twice the risk of suicide as those in their 30s or 60s. The results tie in with surveys of happiness which find that people are at their lowest point, on average, as they approach their 50s. Professor Andrew Oswald, the study’s first author, said: “Suicide

How A Person’s Face Signals Intention To Cheat On You

How A Person’s Face Signals Intention To Cheat On You

Face shape is linked to sex drive in men and women and also how likely a man is to cheat on his partner. People with shorter and wider faces have a higher sex drive, new research finds. Men with wider, shorter faces are also more likely to report intending to cheat on their partner. For the research, almost 500 people were asked about their sexual orientation, their relationships and whether they would consider being unfaithful to their partner. It is the latest in a line of studies that have linked

Narcissism Is Highest In People At This Age

Narcissism Is Highest In People At This Age

Is there really a ‘narcissism epidemic’ among young people? People are at their most narcissistic when they are college-age, new research shows. Then, people’s narcissism slowly reduces over the years, on average. Professor Brent Roberts, who led the research, said: “The average college student scores 15 to 16 on the NPI scale, out of a possible 40. The average grandparent scores about 12. Based on that, if you use that as a natural metric, most people are not narcissists. And, perhaps most interestingly, narcissism declines with age.” The study found

Key to Relationship Bliss Is Simpler Than You Think, Study Finds

Key to Relationship Bliss Is Simpler Than You Think, Study Finds

People weigh up all sorts of qualities in potential partners, like intelligence, health, kindness and sexual appeal. It is better to settle for the best relationship available than to hold out for a perfect match, a new study suggests. Our satisfaction with our partners depends on the other relationships available to us — or as psychologists call it: the ‘dating pool’. Dr Daniel Conroy-Beam, the study’s first author, said: “Satisfaction and happiness are not as clear cut as we think they are. We do not need ideal partners for relationship

Depression Risk Reduced 44% By This Amount Of Exercise

Depression Risk Reduced 44% By This Amount Of Exercise

Even relatively small amounts of exercise can help reduce the risk of developing depression. Only one hour of exercise per week is enough to help prevent depression, new research finds. In the largest survey of its kind, the anxiety and depression levels of 33,908 Norwegians were monitored for more than 11 years. The researchers concluded that just one hour of exercise a week reduced the chances of developing depression by a massive 44%. Dr Samuel Harvey, the study’s lead author, said: “We’ve known for some time that exercise has a

Antidepressant Thought Safe Linked To Self-Harm And Suicide

Antidepressant Thought Safe Linked To Self-Harm And Suicide

Drug thought safe for teenagers linked to suicidal and self-harming behaviours. A common antidepressant thought safe for adolescents is actually ineffective, new research finds. Worse, it has been linked to serious side-effects. The drug is called paroxetine, which is marketed as Paxil, Seroxat and Aropax. The conclusions come from a re-evaluation of a study — known as ‘Study 329’ — carried out in 2001 . Study 329, which was funded by the pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline, originally claimed paroxetine was effective and safe. Not only were these conclusions wrong, the new